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Sreenivasula Reddy, B.
- Evaluation of the Quality Parameters of the Turmeric Rhizomes Dried on Different Floors and Conditions
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Authors
Affiliations
1 Agricultural College, Jagtial, Karimnagar (Telangana), IN
2 College of Agricultural Engineering, Bapatla, Guntur (A.P.), IN
1 Agricultural College, Jagtial, Karimnagar (Telangana), IN
2 College of Agricultural Engineering, Bapatla, Guntur (A.P.), IN
Source
International Journal of Agricultural Sciences, Vol 12, No 2 (2016), Pagination: 302-308Abstract
Turmeric is an important commercial spice crop grown in India and it is named as "Indian saffron". Turmeric is grown in tropical countries like India, Pakistan, Myanmar, Chile, Peru, El Salvador, Japan, China, Sri Lanka, Bangladesh, Indonesia, Taiwan, Jamaica, Thailand and West Indies. The quality of turmeric powder depends upon the initial quality of rhizomes and onfarm processing of turmeric rhizomes which effects curcumin content, organoleptic characteristics, size and general appearance of the dried turmeric rhizomes. The on farm post harvest processing operations consists of washing, curing, drying, polishing, grading and colouring. Curing is a process of cooking the raw rhizomes in hot water to obtain attractive colour, characteristic aroma, destroy the viability of the fresh rhizomes and obviate the raw odour, reduces the time of drying, ensures an even distribution of colour in the rhizomes and gives a better quality product by gelatinisation of the starch (Purseglove and Brown, 1981). The study was conducted to obtain fundamental data on the effect of different floor materials on open yard sun drying and polyhouse drying. It is observed that the moisture content of turmeric fingers increases with increase in temperature of curing and curing time. At the time of 90 minutes the moisture contents were 84.41, 84.48, 84.80 and 85.77 per cent (w.b.) at the curing temperatures of 60, 70, 80 and 90°C, respectively. The moisture contents increased from the initial moisture content of 79.56 per cent (w.b.). It is observed that the floor materials affected the drying time marginally under the conditions of experiments, varied considerably from one method to the other. It is concluded that polyethylene sheet followed by tarpaulin are better floor materials to reduce the drying time and for good quality of turmeric powder.Keywords
Turmeric Rhyzomes, Polyhouse, Open Sun Drying, Curing, Floor Materials, Curcumin Content.References
- Abhishek, Niranjan and Prakash, D. (2008). Chemical constituents and biological activities of turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) A review. J. Food Sci. Technol., 45(2) : 109-116.
- Arora, M., Sehgal, V.K. and Sharma, S.R. (2007). Quality evaluation of mechanically washed and Polished turmeric rhizomes. J. Agril. Engg., 44(2) : 39-43.
- Athmaselvi, K.A. and Varadharaju, N. (2003). Heat utilization in different methods of turmeric boiling. Madras Agric.J., 90 (4-6) : 332-335.
- Bajaj, K. L. and Kaur, G. (1979).Colorimetric determination of capsaicin in capsicum fruits with the Folin Ciocalteu reagent. Mikrochimica Acta, 1 : 81-86.
- Cousins, M., Adelberg, J., Chen, F. and Rieck, J. (2007). Antioxidant capacity of fresh and dried rhizomes from four clones of turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) grown in vitro. Industrial Crops & Products, 25(2) : 129-135.
- Desikachar, H.S.R., Srinivasan, M. and Subrahmanyam, V. (1959). Processing of Turmeric. Res. Ind., 4 : 172.
- Goyal, R.K. and Korla, B.N. (1993). Change in the quality of turmeric rhizomes during Storage. J. Food Sci. Technol., 30(5): 362-664.
- Gunasekar, J.J., Doraisamy, P., Kallemullah, S. and Kamaraj, S. (2006). Evaluation of solar drying for post harvest curing of turmeric (curcuma longa). Agril. Mechanization in Asia, Africa & Latin America, 37(1) : 9-13.
- Haribabu, S. and Anand, A. (1996). Feasibility testing and evaluation of APAU rapid Chilli drier for drying turmeric. B.Tech. Thesis, College of Agricultural Engineering,Acharya N.G. Ranga Agricultural University, Bapatla, Guntur, A.P. (INDIA).
- Jaishree Prasad., Vijay, V.K., Tiwari, G.N. and Sorayan, V.P.S. (2006). Study on performance evaluation of hybrid drier for turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) drying at village scale. J. Food Engg., 75(4) : 497-502.
- Joseph Philip and Sethumadhavan, P. (1987). Curing of turmeric. Proceedings of the National seminar on ginger and turmeric, Calicut. pp. 198-201.
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- Mangaraj, S., Singh, R. and Adewumi, B.A. (2008). Impact of milling techniques on the particle size distribution pattern of turmeric powder. J. Food Sci. Technol., 45(5) : 416-419.
- Mariyappan, H. and Vijayaragavan, M. (2007). Processing of turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) rhizomes to maintain its medicinal properties. Plant Arch., 7(2) : 926-928.
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- Patil, M.R., Borse, M.K., Patil, S.D. and Kamble, Poonam (2009). Economic aspects of production, Processing and marketing of turmeric in western. Maharashtra Internat. J. Agril. Sci., 5(1) : 60-63.
- Patil, R.B. and Sapkal, R.T. (1988). Studies on the curing percentage of same varieties of turmeric. Indian Spices., 20(2): 9-10.
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- Prasad, J. and Vijay, V.K. (2005). Open sun drying of Tinospora cordifolia, Curcuma Longa L. and Zingier officinale. Thermal analysis. Food Sci. & Technol. Internat., 11(6) : 409-416.
- Pujari, P.P. and Patil, R.T. (1987). Studies on growth yield and quality components in different turmeric varities. Indian Cocoa Arcanut & Spices J., 11(1) : 15-17.
- Purseglove, J.W., Brown, E.G., Green, C.L. and Robbins, S.R.J. (1981). Spices. Tropical Agricultural Series, 2. Longman Inc., New York, 644–735pp.
- Some Studies on Curing and Drying Characteristics of Turmeric Rhizomes
Abstract Views :240 |
PDF Views:0
Authors
Affiliations
1 Agricultural College, Jagtial (Telagana), IN
2 College of Agricultural Engineering, Bapatla (A.P.), IN
1 Agricultural College, Jagtial (Telagana), IN
2 College of Agricultural Engineering, Bapatla (A.P.), IN
Source
International Journal of Processing and Post harvest Technology, Vol 7, No 1 (2016), Pagination: 151-156Abstract
Turmeric is an important commercial spice crop grown in India and it is named as "Indian saffron". Turmeric is grown in tropical countries like India, Pakistan, Myanmar, Chile, Peru, El Salvador, Japan, China, Sri Lanka, Bangladesh, Indonesia, Taiwan, Jamaica, Thailand and West Indies. India accounts for 80 per cent of the global production of turmeric. The quality of turmeric powder depends upon the initial quality of rhizomes and on-farm processing of turmeric rhizomes which effects curcumin content, organoleptic characteristics, size and general appearance of the dried turmeric rhizomes. The on farm post harvest processing operations consists of washing, curing, drying, polishing, grading and colouring. Among all, curing, drying and polishing are the important operations of turmeric processing. Curing is a process of cooking the raw rhizomes in hot water to obtain attractive colour, characteristic aroma, destroy the viability of the fresh rhizomes and obviate the raw odour, reduces the time of drying, ensures an even distribution of colour in the rhizomes and gives a better quality product by gelatinisation of the starch (Purseglove and Brown, 1981). Method of curing turmeric varies from place to place.Drying of agricultural produce is an important factor in agricultural processing for improving the keeping qualities of the produce. Utilization of the solar energy for drying the agricultural produce is important. Since all other conventional sources of energy are in the declining trend in their availability, several researchers reported that solar energy is very useful for drying agricultural produce, particularly in India, where good sunshine is available on most of the days in a year for the following reasons, (a) it is pollution free, (b) available at no cost and (c) material drying is faster. The study was conducted to obtain fundamental data on the effect of different floor materials on open yard sun drying and Polyhouse drying. It is observed that the moisture content of turmeric fingers increases with increase in temperature of curing and curing time. At the time of 90 minutes the moisture contents were 84.41, 84.48, 84.80 and 85.77 per cent (w.b.) at the curing temperatures of 60, 70, 80 and 90°C, respectively. The moisture contents increased from the initial moisture content of 79.56 per cent (w.b.). It is observed that the floor materials affected the drying time marginally under the conditions of experiments, varied considerably from one method to the other. It is concluded that polyethylene sheet followed by tarpaulin are better floor materials to reduce the drying time and for good quality of turmeric powder.Keywords
Turmeric Rhizomes, Polyhouse, Open Sun Drying, Curing, Floor Materials.References
- Abhishek, Niranjan and Prakash, D. (2008). Chemical constituents and biological activities of turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) A review. J. Food Sci. Technol., 45 (2) : 109-116.
- Arora, M., Sehgal, V.K. and Sharma, S.R. (2007). Quality evaluation of mechanically washed and Polished turmeric rhizomes. J. Agrilc. Engg., 44 (2): 39-43.
- Athmaselvi, K.A. and Varadharaju, N. (2003).Heat utilization in different methods of turmeric boiling. Madras Agric.J., 90(4-6) : 332-335
- Cousins, M., Adelberg, J., Chen, F. and Rieck, J. (2007). Antioxidant capacity of fresh and dried rhizomes from four clones of turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) grown in vitro. Industrial Crops & Products, 25 (2) : 129-135.
- Desikachar, H.S. R, Srinivasan, M. and Subrahmanyam, V. (1959). Processing of Turmeric. Res Ind., 4 : 172.
- Goyal, R.K. and Korla, B.N. (1993). Change in the quality of turmeric rhizomes during Storage. J. Food Sci. Technol., 30(5): 362-664.
- Gunasekar, J.J., Doraisamy, P., Kallemullah, S. and Kamaraj, S. (2006). Evaluation of Solar drying for post harvest curing of turmeric (Curcuma longa), Agric. Mechanization Asia, Africa & Latin America, 37(1): 9-13.
- Haribabu, S. and Anand, A. (1996). Feasibility testing and evaluation of APAU rapid Chilli drier for drying turmeric. Unpublished B.Tech. Thesis, College of Agricultural Engineering, ANGRAU University, Bapatla.
- Jaishree Prasad, Vijay, V. K., Tiwari, G.N. and Sorayan, V. P. S. (2006). Study on performance evaluation of hybrid drier for turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) drying at Village scale. J. Food Engg., 75(4) : 497-502.
- Joseph Philip and Sethumadhavan, P. (1987). Curing of turmeric. Proceedings of the National seminar on ginger and turmeric, Calicut. Pp 198-201.
- Prasad, J. and Vijay, V.K. (2005). Open sun drying ofTinospora cordifolia, Curcuma longa L. and Zingier officinale. Thermal analysis. Food Sci. & Technol. Internat., 11(6): 409- 416.
- Pruthi, J.S. (1993). Turmeric. Spices and condiments. National Book Trust, New Delhi. pp 225-230.
- Pujari, P.P. and Patil, R.T. (1987). Studies on growth yield and quality components in different turmeric varities. Indian Cocoa Arcanut & Spices J., 11(1):15- 17.
- Purseglove, J.W. and Brown, E.G. (1981). Spices. Longman Group Limited, New York. Vol (2)
- Ramana Reddy, G.V. and Shaik, Anwar (1991). Fabrication and performance testing of a turmeric grader. Project Work, College of Agricultural Engineering, A.P.A.U, Hyderabad, A .P. (INDIA).
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- Shrivastava, Ranjan and Chandra, Pitam (2002). Experimental evaluation of the effect of mechanical ventilation on greenhouse air temperature. J. Agril. Engg., 39(4): 10-16.